The characteristics and cultivation of orchids

1

Orchids have a long history of cultivation in China and have a history of several thousand years. There is cultivation in all parts of the country, especially in the southwest and Taiwan. There is a reputation of "the best in the world" and "honey beauty". Orchids are sober, soft and elegant, aromatic and pleasant. They are the only personified flowers in the world.

In ancient times, there was a record of “concentric words, whose stink is blue”, and the scent of “Lan” was similar to that of a close friend. Therefore, later people often used the words “Lanyan” to make speeches that were similar to each other. In Li Sao, there is a verse in his poem, "Thunder Qiulan," and "Orchid" is a metaphor for "Clean". There is a saying in “Say Garden” that “There must be a fragrant orchid within ten steps.” It states people’s enthusiasm for life and points out that as long as you can pay attention, you will find that there are many things around us. wonderful things. The ancient Zhang Hua wrote in "Love Poetry" that "the beautiful woman is at a distance and the blue room has no light." Here the "blue room" has become synonymous with women's room. In the old days, "Menglan" was used to describe the signs of a woman's pregnancy. This allusion was derived from the "Zuo Chuan Xuan Gong 3 Years" recorded in the Spring and Autumn Period. In ancient times, the friends were in agreement, and the brothers needed to exchange their "spectacles" for the birthdate. This "spectrum sticker" is called "blue spectrum", so there is a saying of "Jinlan worship." The articles that the ancients called beautiful are also known as "Lan Zhang." Since ancient times in China, there are many women whose names are "blue", such as "Mulan." The word "Lan" is included in the "Mei Lanfang" master of Chinese opera.

Orchid is one of the oldest rare flowers in our country. The aroma of orchids is clear but not turbid. The incense is intrinsic, clean, elegant, intriguing, and long-lasting. Elegant orchid color, flower posture dignified and elegant, mosaic year-round green, green leaves slender, both rigid and soft, charming, super light. As early as in the Spring and Autumn Period of China, Yuewang Goujian planted large orchids in the mountains of Zhejiang. During the Tang Dynasty in China, the blue sky was prevailing in the Tang Dynasty. In Tang Taizong Li Shimin's Fanglan, the poem reads: "The sun shines in the shadows and the wind spreads in incense." "Yuanting has light colors, and the condensate blooms in the light" Li Bai "Lan Feng Xiang Feng Yuan", Liu Yuxi "Lan is also in the secluded forest is also self-fragrance," Meng Jiao, "the situation does not change the situation, Lan does not change the incense" are all descriptions of orchids handed down. According to the records of Khan Man, the Tang poet Wang Wei had a lot of research on raising orchids. A bluegrass poem, half a piece of splendid paintings, bluegrass subtle, beautiful, elegant, non-thousand poetry can be culverted, non-dragon green can be painted.

The earliest book on the characteristics of orchid varieties, the quality of cultivation, and the cultivation, management, and irrigation methods in China were written by Zhao Shigeng during the six years of Shaoding in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1233). Later on the masterpiece of orchids in the Southern Song Dynasty was Wang Guiping's "Wang's Lanpu", the Ming Dynasty, "Lanpu," Zhu Kerou's "The First Fragrant Notes" in the Qing Dynasty, and "The Lantern Mirror" in the Qing Dynasty. Variety. With the development of China’s gardening industry, New China has introduced and cultivated a large number of orchids throughout the country, and published many monographs on orchids, such as "Sichuan's Cymbidium," "Xiamen Lanpu," and "Chinese Orchids. 》, "Orchid" and so on. Since the Song Dynasty, China's orchids have spread to Japan and European countries. In recent years, orchids have been produced in many countries by the industrialization of test tube seedlings, and the "orchid industry" has formed.

2, ecological habits

"Lan" is also known as "Chunlan", "Lancao", "Mountain Blue", "Grassland Blue", "Duo Duoxiang" and so on. Orchidaceae, perennial evergreen grassy plants. Clustered, fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves linear, leathery. In the early spring, most of the stems are plucked from the leaves. Each stem is topped with a flower. The flowers are yellow-green and the flowers are fragrant. There are many types of cultivation and there are many bells. It is one of the long-established potted ornamental plants in China.

Wild in China's eastern, central and southern, southwest, under the shade of trees. Hi warm, well ventilated, humid environment. It should be cultivated in organic acid rich, well-drained, slightly acidic soils. Strong cold resistance.

3, cultivation points

(1) Flowerpot

The roots of orchids are more developed. According to the habit of hydrophobic ventilation of orchids, the flowerpots selected for orchids are more special than those of ordinary flowerpots. Should be selected rough texture, the United States glazed, the bottom side of the empty, pedestal "blue pot" raise "blue" is better. "Lan flowerpots" are generally large and small, with a deep bottom, like a mouth-up horn. There is a water outlet at the bottom, and there are many small outlet holes in the lower part of the basin. Its purpose is to make the roots of orchids more breathable. Newly planted orchids are best planted in tiled "blue pots". Cultivate for more than one year, until the new roots develop normally, can be moved to the beautiful purple sand "blue pot".

(2) Soil

The key to orchids is the use of soil. Orchids are semi-rooted flowers and must contain humus and acidic soils with good air permeability. Mountain hills growing orchids in the mountainous area have better cultivation effects. Orchid soil can also be prepared by using 70% of sandy loam soil and 30% of coarse-grained humus soil. After blending, stack it for more than three years before using it.

The pottings used were sieved to separate coarse and fine grains. Pellets should be sterilized to prevent pests. It can be prevented with "Tropizin" 800 times or "Bordeaux solution" spray. Now there are ready-to-use special orchid cultivation soils for sale in the flower and bird market. The use effect is very good. It is not strange to smell and clean. It can be used with purchase.

(3) Upper basin

The new roots of wild orchids dug out of the mountains have not yet been made. The roots are often cut off. The roots of the roots must be cleared of water, washed with clean water, and the dead leaves and dry charred leaves should be cut off. For leaves infected with insect spots, the lesions should be cut off without mercy. In addition, we must also cut away old roots that are rotten and yellow. If the orchid is not completely rooted, the old root and core without apical root should be preserved. It is advisable to mix the blue strains with 600 times liquid “killable” or “antivirus” or medical “penicillin” and “streptomycin”. Each bottle of powder powder is dissolved in 2.5 kg of water and the soaked solution is soaked for two hours. Then remove and wash. Drying the orchid roots in the sun can activate the vitality of the blue plant, making the orchid root soft, easy to straighten out, easy to break, and easy to put on the basin. In order to prevent the leaves from drying during drying, the blue leaves can be shaded, usually with about 2 hours of light.

When the light shines on the roots of blue, use a sharp blade to separate the seedlings that are connected together. Remove too many leafless pseudobulbs because some leafless pseudobulbs will not germinate at all. The general practice is: for one or two conjoined seedlings, leave one or two fresh pseudobulbs for planting. Three or more conjoined seedlings, regardless of the number of leafless pseudobulbs, should all be split and treated separately. The incision can be painted with ash or sulfur powder for preservation. Then, according to the length of the leaves, organize them into pots. The bottom hole of the pots should be filled with about a quarter of the large charcoal, first put coarse soil, put a small amount of fine soil. When planting, the roots of the orchids must be scattered. When the soil is added, the pots must be shaken several times. The depth should be close to the base of the leaves. The soil on the pot surface should be slightly arched and a little tighter, so that the roots of the orchids will stick to the soil. Easy to germinate and grow. The surface of the flowerpot can be filled with some small pumice or velvet grass for moisturizing. Then several times drenched, pouring enough water, placed in a cool, ventilated place. After five days, the orchid pots were moved to semi-yin and semi-yang cultures.

Traditionally, different varieties of orchids cannot generally be mixed in a pot. Because long-term mixing, it will cause variation in orchid varieties. For varieties with different flowering seasons, due to different management requirements, in particular, they cannot be mixed in one pot. Some orchids have different leaf shapes and different leaf colors, and the mixed species are not beautiful and lack coordination. Consciously mutagenizing varieties, and planting different orchid varieties in one pot, is a simple method. But this will take a long time to complete.

(4) Change basin

Replacement of orchids and introduction, from autumn cool to October, Xiaoyangchun is the best. Because at this time, the new strain has basically developed and matured, and has not yet hibernated. At this time, the wounds caused by basin replacement are easier to recover, and the impact on the germination and flowering of the following year is relatively small. Orchids need to be replaced once every two years. Early replacement basins and pot-changing basins are not conducive to the growth of orchids. Some orchids cultivated in small orchid pots grow well. When orchids reach six or more, they should be changed once a year. For those orchids with poor growth and severe dry tips, they may have rotten roots, and they may not adapt to the soil. At this time, the basin should be changed in time. Emergency replacement basins can be performed at any time, but care must be taken to ensure warmth and moisturization after basin replacement.

(5) Watering

Orchids are terrestrial plants that are moist and evil. Many first-time raisers, fearing their lack of water, poured too much water, and they just rotted the fleshy roots of orchids. The principle of watering the soil is “Ning Qian Wet”, as long as the orchid soil is kept moist. For soilless orchids, it is the opposite of “do it wet rather than dry”.

Orchids do not have high moisture requirements and should not be wet. In January and February, water is poured once a week; in March and April, water is delivered every 3-4 days; in May, water is poured every 2 days; in June, water is poured daily; July In August and August, water is poured every 3 days. From September to December, water is poured from the water twice a day to gradually reducing it to once a week, taking care not to rain.

Orchids should use river water, spring water, and well water. If tap water is used, it should be left for a period of time before it can be used after the chlorine in the water is released. The water quality of the general watering orchids, PH value should be in the PH value of 5 to 6 is good, you can buy acid and alkali test papers in the pharmacy to test the water quality. For acidity, add some salt and vinegar to the water to adjust. Watering orchids is very knowledgeable, who should be better at basin edge irrigation. Water should be watered in the early morning or evening in summer, avoid watering at noon, and the amount of watering should not be too large. Water is usually poured once a week, and water is poured twice a week in summer. Watering the roots may cause orchid roots and insect pests. Especially in continuous rainy weather, basin soil should not be wet, dry basins are good for orchids to attract new leaves.

(6) Lighting

In the middle of March to April, orchids can be used to dry the sun; from the end of April, after 9 am, it is not appropriate to get more sun; Chunlan can be exposed to sunlight for two hours every day, and shades can be shaded earlier every month from June to September. After October, shading can be postponed.

(7) Temperature

Orchids are more cold-tolerant and can be used outdoors for winters, except for frozen days. When the outdoor temperature is generally 2~3°C, the orchid should be moved to the room immediately. Summer temperatures are high, and dry seasons should be applied to the orchids to cool and moisturize them.

(8) Fertilization

New species of orchids must wait for 7 centimeters to grow new roots with a length of 2 cm. Fertilizers can be fertilized. Generally, the new roots grow for about 2 months. Some people advocate that fertilization should be done for 1 to 2 years. The fertilizer of orchids can be prepared by using 4 pieces of plant ash, 10 pieces of bean cake, and 6 pieces of bone meal. After mixing, mix and add water in the container. After a year of fermentation, dilute it.

Fertilization usually starts before the new grass is unearthed in May and stops at the beginning of autumn. Fertilize once every 15 to 20 days. Fertilization should be done in the evening. The principle of fertilization is thin and heavy. Fertilize in the evening and pour water again the next morning. Commonly known as "backwater". There are 9 kinds of fertilizers applied to orchids:

1 Su fertilizer: This fertilizer can promote the early germination of orchid plants. Can choose 0.2% "potassium sulfate compound fertilizer", "Shida" 500 times liquid, "Huabao 4" 1000 times liquid, etc.;

2 Precipitating Fertilizer: Fertilizing after half a month of applying Su fertilizer. Fertilizer and sulphur fertilizer are the same, but "Zhulanwang" 500 times can also be changed;

3 flower bud fertilizer: At this time, orchid leaves buds unearthed 3 to 5 cm, in the period of suspension of growth, sprouts rooting. The orchid mother plant begins to enter the reproductive growth stage at this time, and the plant needs less nitrogen fertilizer and more phosphorus fertilizer nutrition. Use "Huabao 3" 1000 times liquid rooting, spraying "potassium dihydrogen phosphate" and "borax" 800 ~ 1000 times liquid;

4 Facilitate fat: When the sprouts grow 2 cm roots, the flower bud differentiation is a foregone conclusion and the sprouts are in urgent need of supplementary nutrition. At this time, a "compound fertilizer" solution or "Huabao No. 5" should be applied once a month;

5 Flowering Fertilizer: Fertilization is carried out about 30 days before flowering. A small amount of "potassium dihydrogen phosphate" 1000 times can be applied, "beneficial for more liquid fertilizers", "Kishuo", etc.;

6 sitting month fat: At this time the orchid out of flowering period. To timely give the plant more nutritional supplements, apply 0.3% “potassium sulphate compound fertilizer” and spray “Kishuo”, “Jialanbao”, “Swift”, “Plant Gymnasia”, “Composite Micro” Elements such as fertilizers.

7 Anti-cold fertilizer: Before the wintering of orchids, more fertilizers of phosphorus and potassium are applied. Phosphorus can reduce the freezing point of plant cells. Potassium can increase plant cellulose and promote the toughness of plant skin. Avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer in winter cold days;

8 Dowry: refers to a three-element balanced fertilizer applied to the plants before planting, so as to improve the survival and rejuvenation of the plants. It is possible to spray the plants with “Huabao No. 2” and “minerals. "Fitness Elements", "Meineng" and other fertilizers;

9 Cuigen Fei: Fertilizers for promoting rooting can be sprayed with “1500-times liquid” or 1000-times “potassium dihydrogen phosphate” for “enhancing roots”, or “1000-times” or “promoting roots” with “Blue Fungus King”. 3000 times liquid.

If each fertilizer is fertilized once or twice, it can be applied more than 10 times a year. Special attention should be paid to the fact that the tea leaf tea leaves cannot be used as a fertilizer for orchids, because they are alkaline and after application, they will alkalinize the soil matrix and affect the growth of orchids. The management of orchids can be summed up in four sentences: "No spring, no summer, no autumn, no wet winter". Orchids are "favorable and turbid", so the fertilizer must be thin, otherwise the leaves will be damaged.

In biology, folliculogenesis is the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. Folliculogenesis describes the progression of a number of small primordial follicles into large preovulatory follicles that occurs in part during the menstrual cycle.

Estrogen levels peak towards the end of the follicular phase. This causes a surge in levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This lasts from 24 to 36 hours, and results in the rupture of the ovarian follicles, causing the oocyte to be released from the ovary.

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Folliculogenesis and Ovulation

Folliculogenesis and Ovulation,Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin,Veterinary Medicine Ovulation Injection,Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin

Jiangxi Institute of Biological Products Inc. , https://www.jxinstitute.com