Tomato has always been one of the crops that Chinese farmers' friends are more concerned about. The planting technology of tomato has been improved more and more in recent years. Here is a summary of the operation rules for the production of pruning of tomato.
1 variety selection
The variety suitable for the annual cultivation of the pruning technology should have the following characteristics: infinite growth type; small difference in single fruit weight between ears; strong growth potential and strong disease resistance. The following varieties or varieties that are similar to the characteristics of the variety can be selected. Zhongza 9: Infinite growth type, medium leaf volume, pink fruit, fruit weight 200g, good quality, plant resistance, especially leaf mold; Zhongza No. 8: infinite growth type, large leaf volume, red fruit, The fruit weight is 180-200g, and the disease resistance is the same as that of Zhongza No.9; 9804: The plant grows strong, the fruit develops fast, the general fruit weight is 200g, the fruit shape is beautiful, all red, storage and transportation, high antiviral disease.
2 茬å£
Autumn, winter, spring and summer sputum, planted from mid-June to mid-July, planted from mid-July to mid-August, harvesting period from mid-September to late October, can be continued until July of the next year, harvesting period of 9-10 Months. Spring, summer and autumn: planting in early December, planting in late February of the next year, harvesting period from early May to late November, up to 6 months. Therefore, the harvesting period between the mouth and the open field is too much, so the first one is the main one.
3 Soil preparation, fertilization, colonization
Tomato annual cultivation and pruning technology, the growth period is up to one year, and the soil with high fertility and good physical and chemical properties is required as a guarantee condition. The method of soil preparation and fertilization is: combined with organic fertilizer applied to the ground, 5000kg/667m2, after the ground is leveled, the 1.2m line is drawn in the east-west direction. This line is the middle line of the fertilization ditch, and the line is used as the reference for trenching. The ditch is 30cm deep and 40cm wide, and then layered and fertilized. Generally, 100kg of fertilizer is applied per ditch. Apply 50kg in the first layer, fill the excavated floating soil into 1/2, mix it with the manure, apply 50kg in the second layer, then apply 0.75kg of diammonium phosphate, 0.25kg of potassium sulfate, and fill another 1/2 floating soil. Into the ditch, and fully mixed with the fertilizer, and then made into a concave high sorghum 15cm high, with internal irrigation, and cover the mulch.
Planting seedlings 5 ​​to 7 leaves, generally 6 leaves and 1 heart is good. Planting on the side of the concave raft, using micro-irrigation and other techniques, to solve the problem of sorghum watering, it is best to form a sorghum of more than 20cm, and it is better to plant in the middle of the raft. The plant spacing is 35 cm, the row spacing is 1.2 cm, and the number of plants is 1580 plants/667 m2.
4 continuous topping and pruning
4.1 Ensuring basic branches
When the first inflorescence of the main stem (commonly known as the first ear) blooms, and the second inflorescence is about to bloom, two leaves are topped on the second inflorescence as the first basic branch. Leave a branch under the first inflorescence (close to the first inflorescence), until the first inflorescence of the branch blooms, and when the second inflorescence is about to bloom, leave two leaves on the second inflorescence as the second basic branch. At the same time, the branches under the first inflorescence of the second basic branch are left as the third basic branch... and so on, a total of 5 basic branches are left, and the remaining branches are cut off.
4.2 Twisting
When the first inflorescence of a certain basic branch is fruit-bearing, the size of the individual fruit of the hawthorn (1.5-2.5 cm in diameter), the second inflorescence after the flower is absorbed, in the sunny day, when the greenhouse temperature is above 25 °C, the base of the basic branch is pinched with the right hand. . Twist 90° to the left or right, then gently press down to make it perpendicular to the upwardly growing base. Generally, the first basic branch is twisted to the side of the blank which is not fixed, and the second basic branch is twisted in the opposite direction, and is staggered in the future.
4.3 Leaf cutting
After twisting the branches, there are 5 leaves under the first inflorescence. Generally, one piece is left, and the remaining pieces are cut to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. In addition, the leaves that cover the fruit need to be cut off at any time.
4.4 The second round of continuous topping
The pruning target is harvested after March of the following year, supplying spring and summer. Generally, the branching time is in Xiaohan (in early January), and the position of the branching branch is counted from the first basic branch. In the trunk, every three leaves are left with one side branch, and the spacing of each side branch is preferably 30-50 cm, leaving two The inflorescences are topped and twisted in a certain direction. After the emergence of the new side branch, the original basic branch after fruit harvest should be cut off in time to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. At the same time, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water and the prevention and control of pests and diseases.
5 Other field management
This technology is similar to traditional pruning technology in management. However, due to the long growth cycle, the following problems should be paid attention to in field management: strict selection of seedling substrate. When choosing garden seedlings, pay attention to the choice of pathogen-free or treated soil. The matrix prepared by vermiculite and perlite is safe. Use other materials as the substrate, preferably high temperature (above 70 ° C) disinfection; according to tomato fertility requirements for proper temperature and humidity management. Producers should be aware of the temperature and humidity conditions required for tomatoes. For example, the daytime temperature of tomatoes requires 25-28 °C, 25-20 °C in the afternoon, 13-15 °C in the first half of the night, and 8-10 °C in the middle of the night. The average relative humidity is 50%. 60%, due to the long production cycle, it often faces the unfavorable climate for a long time outside the world. For example, the tomato cultivated in autumn, winter, spring and summer can be raised from June 10 to 20, and planted on July 10-20. After mid-September, the lowest maximum temperature and ground temperature are higher than the normal indicators required for tomatoes, and from the end of November, facing the external low temperature, short sunshine climate, managers need to focus on normal indicators, or shading, inter-plant shop The grass is cooled, or the paper is covered, the second layer of film is kept warm, and effective ventilation is managed; the application of fertilizer should pay attention to multi-element cooperation. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in tomato will cause imbalance of plant growth, a large number of fallen flowers and fruit, and severely reduce the quality. The top dressing must be combined with N, P and K; timely control of pests and diseases. The main diseases are virus disease, late blight, and leaf mold. The main pests are whitefly, cotton bollworm, and Liriomyza sativae, which can be controlled according to different pests and diseases.
The above is all about tomato cultivation. Vegetable farmers who want to learn about the technical aspects of tomato cultivation can continue to pay attention to Hui Nong!
COVID-19 Antigen Test Cassette (Nasal Swab)
This detection kit applies immunoassay to directly detect the presence of virus and is possible to reach large-scale testing of up to millions of tests one day
COVID-19 Antigen Test Cassette (Nasal Swab)
NINGBO AUTRENDS INTERNATIONAL TRADE CO., LTD , https://www.metests.com