Dry wheat lacks water due to drought, poor ability to supply water for fertilizers, and low and unstable yields, but it has great potential for yield increase. So, how to increase dryland wheat production?
1, the depth of rotation farming, soil storage. Deep plowing can break the plough bottom layer, increase water permeability, increase water storage capacity, and can promote root barrow and expand the absorption range of the roots and increase the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. However, deep plowing must be based on local conditions, generally in the years of early land preparation, precipitation, and fullness should be deep plowing, plowing depth of 22-25 centimeters, followed by ploughing, hoeing after plowing; drought after cultivating, often due to soil Misleading and serious loss. Practice has proved that dryland wheat in the 3-4 years, meet the foot hoe deep plough for one year, after the shallow 2-3 years after the cultivation, can not only achieve the purpose of deep ploughing and soil improvement, but also increase the chance of soil and soil conservation, is the increase of dry wheat production Important measures.
2, increase fertilization material, fertilizer transfer. In dryland wheat fields, organic fertilizer should be applied as much as possible, and the formula should be applied with inorganic fertilizers. In particular, sufficient phosphorus fertilizer should be applied to improve the soil and fertility, and to increase the capacity of water storage and fertilizer and the utilization of water. General plots, can apply organic fertilizer 2500-3000 kilograms per acre, ammonium bicarbonate and superphosphate 50 kg each, and apply appropriate amount of potash fertilizer and trace fertilizer; if the poor fertility, can be applied in three or four years of continuous application of standard nitrogen fertilizer 40 - 60 kg, 50-100 kg of phosphate fertilizer. In high-yield wheat fields in dryland, “one-shelled bombardment†fertilization method can be adopted, that is, all fertilizers are applied to the soil as a base fertilizer in combination with soil preparation. Nitrogen fertilizers should be applied in depth and phosphorus fertilizers should be applied shallowly to facilitate the cultivation of pre-winter seedlings.
3, choose a good seed to plant water. The drought-resistant varieties often have developed roots, narrow leaves, thick epidermis, small stomata, weak respiration and transpiration, strong tillering ability, high rate of spike formation, and they can adapt well to dry and dry environments where there are few water and fertilizers. Investigations have shown that planting drought-resistant varieties is generally 20% to 30% higher than that of non-drought-resistant varieties.
4, appropriate timely sowing, seedlings (strain) water. The dryland wheat population has poor self-adjustment ability, and its appropriate sowing date and sowing amount range are correspondingly narrower than that of irrigated wheat. Through timely and appropriate sowing, a reasonable water-saving and fertilizer-producing group of seedlings, plants, panicles and grains is established. Structure is the central link in the increase of dry wheat. Practice has proved that winter varieties should be planted when the daily average temperature is stable at 16°C-18°C, so that an effective accumulated temperature of over 0°C before winter can be ensured, and the main stem and leaves can reach 6-8 pieces; weak winter varieties can be appropriately sowed lately. 3-5 days. In the appropriate sowing period, the number of basic seedlings per acre is controlled at about 150,000, the early sowing is reduced by 1 to 20,000, the late sowing is increased by 20,000 to 30,000, and the late buckwheat can be increased to 20-25. 10,000 plants; the number of mu in front of winter should generally be controlled at 2 to 2.5 times the number of the final panicles.
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