Saffron high-yielding cultivation techniques

Crocus, also known as saffron, saffron, etc., is a perennial bulbous flower of the saffron family of Iris. It is native to Western Europe. Crocus can not only be viewed, but also commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, but also raw materials for daily-use chemicals, food, dyestuffs industry, cosmetics and perfumery. In the past, many farmers planted saffron. Because they did not master the cultivation techniques, the longer the bulbs were, the smaller the flowers were, and the less the flowers were, the lower the yield of the mu was. As a result, the crop was abandoned because of no benefit. After more than ten years of planting experiments, Henan Agricultural University and relevant units have proven that as long as the scientific management of saffron, using buds, appropriate use of plant hormones and other techniques, while increasing the planting of bulbs, can ensure high yield and stable production. If introducing 100 kg bulbs at a time and planting an acre of saffron, generally 1 to 2 kg of dry flowers per mu and 600 to 1000 kg of bulbs will be collected. From the second year onwards, there is no need to invest in bulbs. First, the growth characteristics of saffron Crocus perianth 6, blue and purple, with a specific fragrance, flowering in late October to early November. Generally breed with bulbs. Crocus is a warm and cool climate that is hot and cold. Hi fertile sandy loam, bogey water, pH 5.5 to 6.5. The saffron grows at a suitable temperature of 15°C to 19°C. If the temperature is high in the south, the shade can be properly shaded to prolong the growth time of the saffron, which will benefit the growth of the bulbs. In China, indoor flowering and field propagation of bulbs are widely used. Second, the preparation of saffron saffron root system shallow root plants. Choose a well-lit, loose and fertile plot and avoid continuous cropping. Former crops such as beans, corn, and rice are preferred, and they can also be grown in orchards. The north has low winter temperatures and it is important not to top-dress fertilizers. Combining ploughing and 1.5 kg of quintozene per acre, five thousand kg of chloronitrobenzene are disinfected, 5,000 kg of decomposed cyclamen, 50 kg of superphosphate, 30 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 200 kg of cooked cake fat are used as base fertilizer. The entire area is fine and flat, and it is built by digging trenches in the north-south direction. It has a width of 1.3 meters and a height of 30 centimeters. It is a turtle-shaped surface with a 30 to 40 centimeter gap. Third, the bulbs treatment of saffron bulbs on the main bud and lateral buds, the main bud flowering, lateral buds do not flower, each bud can form a small bulb, female bulb can grow 6 to 15 bulbs. If no buds are applied, there will be more and more bulbs, and bulbs below 8 grams will not bloom, and the yield of flowers will become lower and lower. In order to ensure high productivity in the coming year, lateral buds must be completely removed. Generally, one main bud of 20 g or less of bulbs, 2 main buds of 20 to 30 g, and 3 main buds of 30 g or more were left. Pharmaceutical treatment prevents pests and diseases. The main disease of saffron is rot, and the pest is Robingen. A fungicide and an acaricide are used as a liquid and the bulbs are soaked before planting. Usually 25% carbendazim 500 times with dicofol or dimethoate 3000 times, two liquids mixed, soaked for 20 minutes immediately planted.

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