The two-year cultivation pattern of potato-summer corn in spring is a new planting pattern adopted by Guangping County to promote the pilot project of comprehensive treatment of groundwater over-exploitation and to adjust the agricultural planting structure and the implementation of agro- and water-saving projects. This model can save underground water and improve the scale of the land. Potatoes are planted on March 1-5 and harvested in early June. The average yield of potatoes per mu is 4000-5000 kg and the benefit is 3000-4000 yuan. The summer corn is harvested before October 10, and the average yield per mu is 1000-1200 kg, and the yield is 1000-1200 yuan per mu, and the benefit is 4000-5000 yuan per mu in two quarters. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:
I. Potato cultivation techniques
1. Fertilization for soil preparation: Choose loam or sandy soil land with irrigation conditions, deep soil and good fertility. Land preparation requires that the plough layer should be deep, the land must be flat, the hoe must be short, and the base fertilizer must be sufficient. Plowing depth is generally 30 cm, Mushi organic fertilizer 6,000 kg, diammonium 30 kg, potassium sulfate 30 kg.
2. Seed Potato Treatment: Seed potatoes are kept in a room maintained at 14-16°C and 60%-70% relative humidity within one month before planting. After about 20 days, when the young shoots grow to 0.5-1 cm or so. When cutting, each piece guarantees 1-2 buds. The weight of one piece is not less than 25 grams. In case of diseased potato, the cutting knife is soaked and sterilized with 75% alcohol, and the diseased potato and spoiled potato are picked up and the size buds are separated. When planting, the size of the buds are separated and the seedlings are not neatly cut. The metalaxyl and the ash are used for seed dressing.
3. Seeding: When 10 centimeters of ground temperature reaches 5 degrees Celsius, it can be sown, generally sowing in early March, using 200 kilos of seed potatoes per mu, implementing double row ridging planting, ridge height 20-30 centimeters, ridge width 80 centimeters, ridge 50 cm apart; 50 cm apart by row, ditch on ridge, ditch 10 cm deep, plant spacing 15-20 cm, buds facing upwards using triangular on-demand broadcast, mu-density 4000-5000, after planting potato seedlings 8 cm, then Mu application of trifluralin 100-150 grams, 50 pounds of water, sprayed ridge surface, timely coating after application.
4. Membrane-breaking soil: When the potato seedlings are unearthed, the seedlings shall be released in time, and the pores shall be sealed with wet soil after the release; when the frost is removed, the membranes shall be timely peeled off, the cultivating soil shall be cultivated, and the ridge height after mastering the soil shall reach 30 cm.
5. Watering topdressing: full watering before sowing; generally do not water before emergence; about 10 days after emergence of the first water pouring, Mushi urea 10 kg; buds bloom after pouring the second water, topdressing urea, Potassium sulphate is 10 kilograms each; enter the potato stage must meet the water supply, small water ground, each watering volume should not exceed half of the ridge height (half the ditch), keep the soil loose and moist. No longer watering 10 days before harvest.
6. Picking buds and chemical control: potato buds should be promptly removed, and the yield should be increased by about 15%. The full flowering period should be timely and controlled if there is excessive growth, and 100-150ppm paclobutrazol can be sprayed and controlled.
7. Diseases and pests control: diseases have early and late blight, bacterial wilt, ring rot, black stem disease, virus disease, prevention and control principles: prevention and treatment. The selected drugs are available for killing, mancozeb, metalaxyl, Dasheng, and virus A. They can be sprayed once after unearthing the seedlings and sprayed once every 15 days. The pests are mainly sprayed with pesticides such as cockroaches, golden needles, aphids, ladybirds, whitefly, kung fu, and the like. Ground pests use 50% phoxim EC 800 times field to sow or sow ditch phoxim powder, Mushi phoxim 15-20 kg.
Second, the summer corn cultivation technology
1. Use compact and high-density products: choose compact and dense-type early-middle-maturing varieties with a growth period of about 100 days, mainly consisting of Zhengdan 958 and Yandan 20
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