Wheat spiders, commonly known as fire dragons, fire spiders, mainly wheat spiders and wheat leg spiders. In recent days, wheat spider mites have been damaged in some wheat fields in Beijing, with an area of ​​about 50,000 mu. The symptoms, occurrence characteristics and control methods of wheat spiders are described as follows:
Symptoms of damage: Wheat spiders grow into nymphs to suck the sap of wheat seedlings. The damaged wheat leaves appear yellow-white dots. The damaged wheat leaves turn yellow. In severe cases, the dwarf leaves are yellow, the plants grow poorly, they cannot head normally, and they die even when they die. .
Occurrence characteristics: Wheat long-legged spiders occur 3-4 generations a year. Adults and eggs overwinter in earth seams. Overwintering adults begin to move in March of the following year. Eggs also hatch one after another. From April to May, they enter breeding and endangered. During the middle and late May of the year, the adults lay eggs in summer. In mid-October, the eggs hatched in succession in mid-summer to harm the wheat seedlings. It takes 24-26 days to complete a generation. Maiyuan spiders occur 2-3 generations a year, and they become winter, adult, nymph and egg over wheat and weeds. In the middle and late March and early April, the amount of insects was heavy, which was very serious. In late April, the insect population had subsided. Oversea summer eggs start hatching in October. Both wheat spiders are mainly parthenogenetic. Mai long-leg spider likes drought, the optimum temperature for survival is 15°C-20°C, and the optimum relative humidity is below 50%. During the daytime activities, they are the most prosperous in the afternoon at 3-4 p.m.. When they encounter rain or dew, they are lurking in the wheat tussocks and earth seams. Maiyuan spiders are active before 8-9 a.m. and after 4-5 p.m. Not tolerant to drought, suitable temperature for the survival of 8 °C -15 °C, more than 80% of the suitable humidity, in the case of a large wind hidden in the lower part of the wheat plexus. In the spring, the adults lay their eggs on the tillers and clumps of wheat, and they produce more on the fibrous roots and clods in the fall. Eggs are accumulated in piles, with more than 10 grains per pile. Waterlogging, wheat fields, and low-grain wet or dense-grained wheat fields occur more severely. Wheat leg spiders are heavy in dryland wheat fields.
Control methods: First, agricultural control. The use of rotation for crop rotation, reasonable irrigation, and the use of shallow ploughing and cropping after wheat harvesting reduce insect sources. The second is chemical control. After wheat turns green, select a heavier wheat field in the area to carry out the survey, randomly take 5 points, check 33 centimeters per point, place a white plastic cloth or a pot of water, tap the wheat plant, and record the number of fallen insects, when the average number is 33 When the length of larvae is more than 200 centimeters and the white spots are found in 20% of the upper leaves, chemical control should be carried out. The avermectin 3000-5000 times of 1.8% or 50% malathion 1000 times can be sprayed evenly per acre. Or use 40% Dimethoate 75 grams per acre mixed with 20 kg fine soil made of toxic soil, sprinkled in the field.
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