Because of the high temperature in summer, the weather changes greatly, and the environment is harsh, which has brought certain influence on the operation of the tractor. So, how to properly maintain and use tractors in the summer?
1. Perform a necessary maintenance on the locomotive before the summer arrives, ie under the guidance of an experienced driver or technical personnel, the first three filters for the tractor (air filter, diesel filter, oil filter) Carry out thorough maintenance and cleaning; Secondly, carry out descaling, cleaning, adjustment and lubrication of various parts of the tractor, and perform necessary inspection and adjustment of technical indicators such as valve clearance, injection pressure, injection advance angle, etc. Secondly, it is necessary to adjust and adjust the tractor. The agencies involved in safe driving, such as moving, walking, clutching, transmission, and electrical appliances, shall carry out serious inspections and adjustments. If faults and wear are found, they shall be promptly removed and replaced to ensure that the tractor is in good technical condition.
2. Select the proper grade of fuel oil and diesel engine oil. If the temperature is 20-25 degrees Celsius, choose No. 10 diesel. If it is more than 30 degrees Celsius, you can use No. 20 diesel oil. The oil is selected No. 11 or No. 14 oil to prevent the viscosity of the oil is not enough to increase the wear of the parts. Thoroughly clean the oil filter, the filter, and the oil pan once to remove the dirt and impurities. In addition, the gear oil in the rear axle should also be changed to No. 30 or No. 40 diesel engine oil.
3. Do a good job of cooling the cabin and driver's heatstroke. The hot summer weather is prone to heat stroke. Therefore, before the operation, the glass window of the cab should be opened to let the air circulate and improve the operating environment. Second, we must provide a certain amount of heatstroke prevention products, such as drinking water, cool oil, etc. If there is any heat stroke such as dizziness and pain in the work, we should stop and rest immediately, and resume operations after returning to normal.
4. Avoid overload (overload) operations. For long-running locomotives, stop and check the tire temperature midway. If it is too high, stop the vehicle in a cool place and slowly dissipate heat. Never use cold water to quickly cool tires to avoid damaging them.
5. Pay attention to the condition of the water tank and add cooling water in time. Summer temperatures are high and water evaporates. Always add cooling water. If the locomotive overheats and the water tank is short of water, it is forbidden to add cooling water to prevent the cylinder liner and cylinder head from bursting or deforming. The correct method is to stop the locomotive and allow the engine to run for a few minutes at low speed. After the vehicle temperature drops, add the cooling water. When you add water, when you open the radiator cover, you must stand in the upwind position, and do not face the water inlet so that you will not be burned by the high-temperature water and air that you spray.
6. Pay attention to the belt tension. The fan belt is too loose and slippery. As a result, the speed of the fan and the water pump is reduced, and the wind power is insufficient. If the fan belt is too tight, the bearing load is too large, which leads to increased wear and increased power consumption. The engine should be checked before starting: when pressing with the thumb in the middle of the belt, the amount of belt sag should be 10-15 mm. Too loose or too tight should be adjusted in time.
7. Guarantee the best oil supply time. In summer, the time for fuel supply should be adjusted to the lower or lower limit of the optimal time. If the oil supply time is too early, the engine will emit a severe knocking sound, the crank connecting rod mechanism will be subject to large impact, the wear of the machine parts will be intensified, and the reversal phenomenon will occur. However, the time for fuel supply is too late. When it is too late, the ignition and combustion period will be prolonged, the combustion will be insufficient, the engine will fail to work, and the engine will easily overheat.
8. When the locomotive is in operation, the tire inflation pressure should be checked frequently. Inflatable tire pressure in summer should generally be 2%-3% lower than the standard pressure to avoid puncture. When parking, tires should avoid strong sun exposure in case tires overheat and burst.
9. Use the battery properly. In the summer, a part of the electrolyte in the battery is sucked out, and an appropriate amount of distilled water is added to control the specific gravity of the electrolyte to about 1.25. High temperature, the electrolyte is easy to evaporate, check the liquid level every 5-10 days (normal liquid surface should be 10-15 mm above the plate), add distilled water when it is insufficient. The battery should always be fully charged. When the tractor is not working for a long time, the battery should be removed and placed in a ventilated and dry room. In addition, keep its exterior clean and airy.
10. Clean scale in time. Summer engine tanks are easy to open and generate scale. Excessive scale will affect the cooling effect and cause the locomotive temperature to be too high.
11. Pay attention to traffic safety in the rain. When thunderstorms are encountered, the speed should be controlled. Do not slam on the brakes to prevent slippage. Heavy rain or heavy rain can easily obscure the vision and cause hidden dangers to the accident. Therefore, you should stop and rest. If you park in the mountains, The car should be parked in a safe area and be careful about landslides.
12. Take care of fire prevention. In summer, the fuel is highly volatile, and it is easy to cause fire. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent fuel leakage, loosening of the line, and poor grounding. At the same time, you must not use plastic barrels to contain fuel, so as not to cause static reactions. In addition, fuel should be avoided during thunderstorms.
13. Pay attention to storage. It is best to park the tractor in the garage at night. When storing it in open air, cover it with plastic cloth.
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