The so-called slow and controlled release fertilizer is a kind of nutrient release in accordance with a set model (including release rate and sustained effective release time) with a variety of regulatory mechanisms and crop nutrient absorption synchronization, that is, with the law of crop absorption of nutrients Consistent fertilizer. Compared with general fertilizers, this new type of fertilizer has a slower rate of nutrient release, a longer release period, and can meet the needs of crop growth during the whole growing period of a crop. It has the advantages of saving time and labor, increasing production efficiency, and being energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
1. Effect of application. Hebei Province Soil and Fertilizer Station has arranged a large number of controlled-release fertilizer test demonstrations in our province's main crops since 2008. The results showed that the application of controlled-release fertilizers under equal investment had a different degree of yield increase in different crops than that of soil testing and formula fertilization. On the average cotton, 15.3 kilograms of lint were produced on average, and the yield was increased by 5.09%. The average yield per mu of peanuts increased by 16.8 kilograms, an increase of 5.80%. In addition, most of the crops such as wheat and corn have increased production at different levels.
2. Application techniques. Combining slow and controlled release fertilizers with soil testing and formulating fertilization, and selecting similar fertilizer formulas, can more effectively use soil nutrients, reduce the amount of slow and controlled release fertilizers, increase fertilizer use efficiency, and reduce fertilizer costs. According to the length of the crop growth period, different release periods of controlled-release fertilizers were selected. You can also use the "simultaneous seeding fertilizer" technology, which means that when the crops are sown, the slow-release fertilizers will be applied at one time. This will solve the problem that the farmers' friends are incapable of grasping the amount of fertilizer required by the crops, and at the same time save labor, time, and effort. . There are 70 days, 90 days and 120 days for the controlled release period of controlled-release fertilizers in the market, which can be selected according to the crop growth period. If the cotton is selected for 90 days, the rice is selected for 70 days.
3. Fertilization method. For rice, wheat and other root-dense and well-distributed crops, they can be uniformly spread on the surface at the same time before the transplanting or sowing according to the recommended application amount of controlled-coated fertilizer, and can be planted after ploughing. . For crops with large rows of corn, cotton, etc., according to the recommended amount of dedicated controlled-release fertilizer, one-time ditching is applied to the side of the seed and attention is paid to segregation of seed fertilizer so as to avoid burning seeds or burning seedlings.
For crops with peanuts and soybeans capable of fixing nitrogen, slow-release fertilizers with low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus and high-potassium fertilizers are preferred. As a base fertilizer application, the application amount varies depending on the yield and fertility.
4. Note. The first is to pay attention to seed (seedling) fertilizer isolation to prevent burning seedlings, burning seedlings, as a base fertilizer application, pay attention to casing, prevent nutrient loss. The second is that the release rate and cycle of nutrient release from slow and controlled release fertilizers are related to factors such as soil temperature and humidity. In the case of defertilization under abnormal climate, timely nitrogen fertilizers such as urea and ammonium sulfate should be followed.
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