All along, rural households have the habit of raising chickens, but due to various reasons, the survival rate is not high, and sometimes the entire army is destroyed. According to the experience of raising chickens for more than a decade, the author summed up the measures for disease prevention and control of chickens for reference by farmers and their peers.
First, the quality of a good chicken
1. Source of chicks: Chickens should give priority to the selection of healthy chicks from locally famous breeder farms. Such chickens have good mother antibodies, rapid growth, and high survival rates.
2. Requirements for chicks: Healthy chickens require individual uniformity, two eyes, clean feathers, shiny skin, and good abdominal contraction. Grabbing the chicken wings from the ground with his hands, the chicks cry loudly, their feet contract, and struggle.
Second, the good feed quality
1. Feed Source: Chickens less than one month old are given priority to purchase large brand chicks, and gradually transition to compound feed after one month of age. Rural free-range chicken farmers can make full use of corn, peanut bran, millet, soybeans, rice bran, etc., in combination with fish meal, soybean meal, and wheat bran as diets for chickens to save costs.
2. Feed Nutrition: A variety of diet with a reasonable, to meet the nutritional needs of a variety of day-old chickens is the key to maintaining good health of the chickens. The crude protein content of 1-month-old chicks was required to reach 21%, calcium 0.9%, phosphorus 0.6%, and salt 0.37%. After 1 month of age, the crude protein requirement of the chicken reached 19%, calcium 0.9%, phosphorus 0.55%, and salt 0.37%.
Third, put a good vaccine immunity
1. Vaccine selection: According to the prevalence of local chicken diseases, a reasonable choice of immunization vaccine types, usually under rural free-range chicken households with immune chicken Malik, Newcastle disease, bursa of Fabricius, poultry outbreak, highly pathogenic avian influenza, poultry Acne and so on.
2. Immunization procedures: The following are general immunization procedures that we routinely use over the years for reference (see attached table).
3. Immune precautions: Stop drinking water for more than two hours before immunizing. Diluted vaccine can not use tap water containing chlorine, it is best to use well water, add 2% of skim milk powder. Before using the vaccine, look at the effective period of the vaccine. The storage temperature is 3~8°C.
Fourth, feeding and management
1. Cleaning and disinfection: Before entering the chicks, the wall, ceiling, floor and all utensils of the house should be completely washed and disinfected, and the house should be vacant for at least 21 days. The chicken house should be reduced to visits by outsiders and strictly sterilized before entering the house.
2. Brooding:
1 grass mat. Rural free-range households can make full use of chaff, peanut shells, short-cut rice straw, and discarded sawdust as chicks' litter.
2 temperature. In rural areas, a simple insulation shed can be made of plastic film, which houses several 250W high-power infrared heat lamps or 200W incandescent lamps. According to different ages, the temperature of brooding is different. The temperature of one-week-old is 30~32°C, and the temperature is reduced by 3°C per week. It is also possible to observe how the chicks increase or decrease the temperature of the pile or spread.
3 Drink water. The drinking equipment was put into the insulation shed one night before entering the chicken. Add garlic or multidimensional drinking water. In the beginning, we had to grab 4 to 5 chicks to drink water, so that the rest of the chicks would also drink water from the drink.
4 ventilation. Insulation sheds should regularly open plastic film to keep clean fresh air.
5 sand. Add 100 to 150 grams of sand per kilogram of feed to ensure healthy digestion.
3. Control disease:
1 Control coccidia. In the feed or drinking water, add grams ball powder, ammonia proprioline and other drugs for treatment.
2 Control chicks white. Add doxycycline, norfloxacin and other drugs for treatment in feed or drinking water.
3 Control respiratory diseases. Herbal decoction such as Houttuynia cordata, Radix Isatidis, Andrographis paniculata, wild sesame and other western medicines such as doxycycline and doxycycline are added to drinking water.
4 maintain a strong appetite. Add chopped garlic and crushed dried chilli and tangerine peel to the feed to maintain a strong appetite.
5 Make an accurate diagnosis early. When early stages of illness occur, attention should be paid to observation, and prompt measures should be taken to find professional help as soon as possible, accurately diagnose and effectively treat.
Fifth, avoid stress
Abrupt changes in temperature or environment, loud noises, feed changes, and crowding can all affect the resistance of chickens. Controlling the stress to a minimum is beneficial to the health of the flock.
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