Fertility symptoms Drought and aphid damage mainly occurs before and after the three-leaf stage, when the sunny weather is high, the yellow plants appear yellow, the leaves have burn spots, the roots turn black and rot, and finally the whole plant dies.
Causes of fertilizer damage
Inappropriate fertilization type, timing, and method can cause fertilizer damage.
The farmyard fertilizer is not ripe. The farmyard manure applied by seedlings is generally not fully decomposed, organic matter competes with the seedlings for moisture during the semi-mature process of the soil, and the local high temperature generates high concentrations of ammonia or toxic substances, causing poisoning, burning, or even death of seedlings.
Fertilizer uneven. After soil preparation and fertilization, the number of hoeing and hoeing was not enough, and bed soil and fertilizer were not fully and uniformly integrated. After one leaf was bent, the roots of the roots touched the fat mass or fertilizer pond, and they were easily burned by the high-concentration fertilizer solution, resulting in seedlings being damaged. Part of the above-ground physiological dead seedlings.
Fertilizer metering. Some farmers have applied chemical fertilizers on the surface of seedbed soil before sowing. They have not evenly applied 15 cm into the soil layer as required, causing germination of seeds after germination. The seedlings have buds without roots, and there are dead plants.
Fertilizer late application. When dry seedlings are used as chemical fertilizers, they are generally required to be applied 10-15 days before sowing. If they are applied too late and the amount is large, the ammonium nitrogen applied to the seedlings cannot be converted to nitrate nitrogen for root absorption of the seedlings. Ammonia poisoning burns seedlings.
Improper dressing. Dry seedlings emphasize the application of fertilizers to the trampoline and generally do not apply fertilizer. However, some rural households follow the method of raising water by raising rice seedlings. After the seedlings are seeded and seedlings are used, one-time over-dressing or uneven application of fertilizers is not uniform, or spraying is not performed after spraying, resulting in the emergence of seedlings or strip-shaped dead seedlings. If the victim is light, it will also become a stiff seedling or a diseased seedling due to growth obstruction, and it is difficult to cultivate strong seedlings.
Preventive measures
To prevent dry seedlings from killing and killing seedlings, targeted measures must be taken.
Choose the seedbed. Seedbed beds should be selected in the vegetable garden near the water source, high-lying land, fertile soil, and good soil permeability or other dry land. Generally, for every 1 mu of farmland, 10~15 square meters of seedbed is required for seedlings. The seedbed soil must meet the requirements of fertilizer, pine, thick, soft and fine. Such as the use of paddy field as a seedbed, you need to plow early and plow a lot of dry land and fertilizer, plus farmyard fertilizer, soil and fertilizer to mix evenly, the thickness requirements of more than 5 cm can not appear fat, fat pond. Generally, 10 kg of farmyard manure is fully fermented per square meter, 15% of N, P, and K fertilizer is used as compound fertilizer, and 100 g of compound fertilizer and 10 to 20 g of zinc sulfate are used.
Control topdressing. Seedlings grow well and generally do not require top dressing. However, the yellow seedlings must be searched for the cause of yellowing, and no nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to the yellow seedlings, because the lack of fertilizer is not the only reason for yellowing. Seedlings can be yellow due to high humidity, excessive moisture, and soil compaction. When the seedlings grow weakly and thinly, a small amount of "weaning fertilizer" can be applied in the 1.5 to 2 leaf stage of the seedlings; after 3 to 5 days before transplanting, the "supplying fertilizer" can be topdressed, or 0.5% to 1% can be used. The urea solution was evenly sprayed 1 day before emergence.
Pouring water. After the seedbed is leveled, it is sprayed with water so that the entire cultivation layer is in a state of water saturation. Some farmers use dry fire and earth ash, dry brick ash, and hay and wood ash as nutrient soils, which are prone to excessive nutrient soil salinity and water loss due to reverse osmosis. Therefore, seeding, seeding, and pouring the bottom water should be performed continuously to prevent physiological blight of seedlings in the future and induce a large number of dead seedlings and burn seedlings. After the seedlings are sown, they should be pressed gently and then covered with fine soil. The thickness is about 1 cm. This will not only help germinate seedlings, but also help prevent the killing of seedlings.
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