I. Variety selection
1. Selection of Scion Varieties Due to the weak light and low temperature in the winter season, scion cucumber varieties must be selected from varieties that are resistant to low temperature, weak light, strong disease resistance, early maturing and high yield, and good commercial quality. At present, Jinchun No. 3, Ganfeng No. 11, Ganfeng No. 8 and Mycteria are widely used in production.
2. The practice of selection of grafted rootstocks has proven that the use of black-pumpkin squash as the rootstock has good affinity, can maintain the original quality of cucumber, and is cultivated during the cold period. Its root system is developed, its cold resistance is strong, its growth is good, and its disease resistance is strong.
Second, grafting seedlings
1. Soak germination 150 grams of cucumber seeds per acre, 1.5 kg of black-seeded pumpkin. Before sowing, the seeds were soaked in warm water at 55°C. The seeds were poured into the water and stirred continuously until the water temperature dropped below 30°C and soaked for 4-6 hours. The soaked seeds were rinsed with water for 2-3 times. The gauze was wrapped and put. Germinate at a temperature of 28-30°C. During the germination process, the temperature was washed with warm water at 30°C in the morning and in the evening, and about 50% of the seeds could be sown.
2. Seedbed preparation A bed of 8 cm thick clean sand is laid in the bed, and the bed is sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 800 times per square meter and the cover film is sowed after 2 days.
3. Seeding methods Cucumbers were planted 5 to 7 days earlier than black-seeded squash. The cucumber spacing was 33 cm and the black-skinned pumpkin spacing was 55 cm. Seed horizontally pendulum, overlying 1.5-2 cm fine sand, after irrigating the seedbed cover film, after sowing indoor temperature control at 28-30 °C, keeping 15 °C at night, soil temperature at about 25 °C, cooling immediately after emergence Prevention of leggy, rootstock l leaf unfolding, scion true leaf top when the grafting period.
4. Grafting method The transplanted bed soil is ready the day before grafting, avoiding injury when raising the seedlings. Grafting method is generally used by grafting, rootstock picking up the growth point, and then the blade in the cotyledon 1.2-1.5 cm obliquely upwards at an angle of 30, the depth of three-fifths of the thick stem, cucumber seedlings caught in the inside of the incision , Grafted with a grafting clip, grafted and transplanted into a prepared seedbed or nutrient bowl. All nutritious soils were prepared using 3 parts of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, 7 parts of garden soil, and sieved and mixed.
5. The grafted seedlings are covered with a small arch shed on the management seedbed. During the day, the temperature is maintained at 25-30°C, and the temperature is maintained at 17-20°C during the night. The relative humidity is over 95%. The greenhouse above the small arch sheds should be covered with straw and shading all day long. After 3 days, the temperature and humidity were gradually reduced. During the day, the temperature was controlled at 22-26°C, the relative humidity was reduced to 70-80%, and the light was gradually increased. After 4 to 5 days, the light was blocked from 10:00 to 3:00 in the afternoon. See all days in 6-7 days. Light. After 10-12 days, cut the roots of the ear and pinch the lower part of the hypocotyl interface of the cucumber with fingers before breaking the roots to destroy the vascular bundles and reduce the water flow, so that the root growth is not affected.
Third, preparation before planting
1. In the first 10 days before greenhouse disinfection, the shed is first covered with 5% carbendazim 1.5 kg or 50% thiophanates 1.5 kg per acre and uniformly spread on the ground with 10-15 kg of fine soil, and then the soil is ridged to cover the soil. disinfection. In the greenhouse, 75% chlorothalonil 1 kg + dichlorvos 300 g mixed with sawdust ignited for 24 hours.
2. Soil preparation Fertilizer planting cucumbers should be selected for loose soil, soil-neutral plots, and deep sun exposure before harvest. Before planting, 30 kg of organic fertilizer and superphosphate were used as base fertilizer.
Fourth, colonization
The ridges were planted in a narrow row, with a ridge width of 40 cm and a height of 30 cm. A furrow with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 15 cm was placed on the back of the ridge. The ridge was covered with a 90 cm wide plastic film and tightened and compacted. A small hole was opened at the end of the membrane and the hole was plugged after watering. The row spacing was 40 cm along the ridge back and the plant spacing was set at 27 cm, 4000 plants per acre.
V. Post-planting management
1. Planting to pre-harvest management The ground temperature is maintained at 18-20°C during the day, the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C, the minimum is not lower than 13-15°C, and the air is blown at more than 23°C, and it is necessary to cover the curtain at 18°C ​​in the afternoon. The first night is controlled at 15-18°C, and the latter night is controlled at 11-13°C. The first cucumber should be controlled before watering, and the vines should be hung in time. The method is: Pull a wire on the ridge of a cucumber, and the melon seedlings are hauled with slings. Every 4-5 layers of leaves are s-shaped and bound with vines once.
2. Result-term management After entering the result period, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the plant go hand in hand, controlling water, fertilizer, gas, and heat and extending the result period. The following focuses on the specific practices of the four stages of temperature management and ecological disease prevention as follows: 1 Before the sunrise, the air will be released and damped, and after sunrise, the ventilation will be controlled until noon, so that the indoor temperature will rise rapidly to 28-30°C. Humidity is high, but it is not easy to develop due to high temperatures. 2 When the temperature exceeds 32°C, the air should be released. In the morning, maintain the high temperature for 4-5 hours as much as possible, and then increase the air flow and reduce the temperature to 18-22°C, which is favorable for the distribution of photosynthesis products. 3 The temperature is maintained at 14-17°C during the first half of the night to promote the transport of photosynthetic products. 4 After the middle of the night to the next morning, maintain a low temperature of 10-13 °C, inhibit consumption.
Sixth, strengthen pest control
1. Cucumber downy mildew The disease caused by mold, the early appearance of leaves appear yellow small spots on the front, after expansion due to the limitations of veins and become pale brown polygonal lesions, leaves produce gray purple mold layer, severe disease, resulting in leaves Precipitation died prematurely.
Control methods: 1 Select resistant varieties, such as Jinchun No. 3, No. 4, Ganfeng No. 11 and No. 8, etc. 2 Ecological control. Use of greenhouse closed conditions and cucumber and downy mildew growth and development of different environmental conditions, through scientific management, control of temperature, room temperature and humidity, is conducive to the growth and development of cucumber, inhibit the development of pathogens to achieve the purpose of prevention. 3 Use balanced fertilization and supplemental carbon dioxide. A mixture of 0.1% urea plus 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and foliar application of carbon dioxide can increase plant disease resistance in the late growth stage. 4 chemical control. Use aerosols and dusts as much as possible to reduce the use of liquids and reduce humidity to reduce the damage.
2. Cucumber Bacterial leaf spot disease This disease mainly damages the leaves, and the cotyledon suffers water-stained round spots. It is slightly sunken and slightly yellow-brown. The leaves were damaged and initially showed small water-stained spots with polygonal brown-colored spots. When wet, the spots on the back of the leaves showed a white “spill-like shapeâ€. The lesions were round and often formed ulcers and rifts. Within the expansion, the flesh discoloration.
Control methods: 1 use disease-free seeds or seed disinfection, seed disinfection can be 70 °C constant temperature dry heat sterilization 70 hours. 2 Ecological control is the same as downy mildew. 3 Use disease-free soil nursery and rotation. 4 Chemical control, spray 10% B drops of dust, each 1 kg per acre.
With the gradual construction of expressways in my country, the Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of Communications has compiled the "Technical Specifications for the Design and Construction of Expressway Traffic Safety Facilities", which puts forward clear requirements for the anti-glare facilities of expressways:
Highways and automobile-only first-class highways should be equipped with anti-glare facilities and highway traffic products that meet one of the following conditions.
1. Road sections with large night traffic and high mixing rate of large vehicles;
2. The radius of the horizontal curve is smaller than the general minimum radius;
3. The setting of vertical curves has serious dazzling effects on drivers;
4. When entering the main line from the ramp or connecting road of the interchange, service area, parking lot, the road section that has a serious dazzling effect on the drivers;
5. On bridges and viaducts without lighting;
6. Long straight line section;
7. Sections with large terrain undulations.
According to the above-mentioned specifications, anti-glare facilities should generally be installed.
When driving on the highway, automobile drivers often encounter extremely strong light in the opposite direction, which reduces the visual function or vision of the driver, and causes annoyance and discomfort. This is glare. This glare significantly reduces the quality of the driver`s visual information, is prone to tension and fatigue, and makes the night driving environment continue to deteriorate, which is a potential factor for traffic accidents. Therefore, there should always be some anti-glare facilities and highway traffic products on the highway to avoid traffic accidents. Anti-glare facilities and expressway traffic products refer to structures that prevent traffic at night from being dazzled by the headlights of oncoming vehicles. The structure must not only effectively block the glare of the headlights of the opposing vehicle, but also meet the requirements of good lateral visibility, oblique front view and little psychological impact on the driver. The anti-glare facilities recommended by the above-mentioned specifications have only one form of anti-glare board.
Traffic Fog Light,Solar Warning Light,Solar Traffic Fog Light,Taxi Led Display
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