Right now in the winter season in the north, the sudden drop in temperature has brought new challenges to the marine aquaculture industry. Especially for fish and sea cucumbers currently under cultivation, more effective measures must be taken to ensure safe wintering.
In marine fish culture, the most suitable water temperature for most fish is 16°C～22°C. In recent years, many aquaculture industries have gradually shifted from sea cage culture to industrial deep aquaculture using deep seawater, because deep seawater temperatures can reach around 12°C, which greatly reduces energy consumption. Indoor artificially-breeded seawater needs artificial replacement. In winter, the frequency of seawater replacement is greatly reduced in order to keep warm and reduce energy consumption, resulting in deterioration of water quality and proneness to various diseases, which seriously affect the growth of fish. A certain degree of loss. In this regard, the first is to reduce the breeding density, with 25 to 30 square meters/square meter as the best; second is to increase the amount of water exchange, the exchange of water in the aquaculture workshop in winter should not be less than 10 ranges; It is necessary to remove dead fish and diseased fish in the pond in time and ground and diligently disinfect the ground. Fourthly, for a small amount of open-air aquaculture ponds, the water level should be properly increased, and icing should be broken in time to enhance the effective dissolved oxygen content in the water body.
Sea cucumbers are like to have low temperature, but when the water temperature is lower than 5°C, sea cucumbers will stop growing and go into hibernation. The resistance to diseases due to insufficient food intake will be greatly reduced and the disease will be easy to develop. At present, cultivated sea cucumbers in the north are mostly open-air cultures in the intertidal zone and shrimp ponds. In winter, the surface of many ginseng pools has become iced. The water temperature of the pool water is close to 0°C. In addition, the tide level in the ocean is low, and the amount of water circulation in the ginseng pool is reduced. The dissolved oxygen content in the pool water is also correspondingly reduced, and the harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide generated after the sludge deposited on the bottom of the pool, the algae, and the sea cucumber excrement are rotted cannot be oxidized and decomposed in time, and the external environment for the growth of the sea cucumber is deteriorated. When the temperature difference of water temperature exceeds 2°C in a short time, sea cucumbers will produce anti-stress reaction. Exceeding the tolerance of sea cucumbers, sea cucumbers will appear swollen mouth, vomiting and other phenomena until death. Therefore, in the winter, we must pay attention to maximizing the exchange volume of the water in the ponds, seize the winter water as much as possible to inject new water into the pool, and deepen the water level to maintain the water temperature, and the water depth should be at least 2.0m. Above, the condition of the ponds with slightly inferior conditions must be equipped with artificial water lifting equipment to increase the effective dissolved oxygen content in the pool water, improve the quality of water quality and improve the growth environment of sea cucumbers. When changing the water for the ginseng pond, do not put it in a row. Pay attention to the stability of the water temperature. At the same time, when the water temperature is lower than 5°C, the monitoring of the nutrient pool must be strengthened, and it is found that the finished sea cucumber in the pool must be removed in time, because the sea cucumber that is far away from the attached base at this ambient temperature is not normal and will sooner or later become ill. , fish out early to avoid infection.
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