Right now it's spring farming season. What are the requirements for crop fertilization in early spring?
Need to apply nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage. Crops need a lot of energy to germinate and bloom in early spring. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main raw material of protein in the crop and is a component of chlorophyll and enzymes. Nitrogen fertilizer is absorbed after the first true leaves of the crop emerge. In the flowering stage, the nutrients consumed by the crop account for about 70% of the reserve nutrients. After flowering, long branches and fruit set will start. Young fruit cell division also requires a lot of nutrients, and often there is insufficient nutrient storage, so it must be used before flowering Apply fertilizer once.
Nitrogen fertilizers are effective only when supplemented in time. Nitrogen fertilizer should be used during the critical nitrogen demand period and maximum efficiency period of crops. Different crops require different fertilizer critical periods and maximum efficiency periods, and should be treated differently and reasonably applied. For example, the critical nitrogen demand period of wheat, corn, and other gramineous crops is at the tillering stage, ear differentiation stage, and cotton is at the bud and boll stage. The maximum nitrogen efficiency stage is wheat from jointing to booting stage, rice from tillering to jointing stage, corn at big bell stage, tomato at fruiting stage, cabbage at rosette stage, sunflower at flower bud stage, and soybean at early flowering stage.
Application of water-soluble fertilizer in early spring. Taking the fruit tree as an example, during the growth process of the fruit tree, early growth, early stopping, and early accumulation are conducive to the formation of fruit tree flower buds. The stronger the germination of the spring growing point of the fruit tree, the more spring shoots grow, and the longer they grow, the earlier they can stop. The more growth points on the fruit tree, the earlier the fruit tree stops growing; the fewer spring shoots on the tree, the later the growth stops, and even some slivers do not stop growing. There is no junction of spring and autumn shoots, which is called blind festival. So if you want the fruit tree to stop early and early, you must have sufficient nutrients in spring. The fertilizer application period in spring cannot be too long, or the branches will grow continuously, which will affect flower bud differentiation and fruit expansion. Generally speaking, the fertilizer application period should not exceed 20 days. Generally, the compound fertilizer has a longer effective period, and the water-soluble fertilizer is more conducive to the absorption of the roots of the fruit tree, and the effect is faster.
In addition, pay attention to temperature when applying urea in early spring. The phthalamide nitrogen of urea cannot be directly absorbed by crops, and can only be used after being converted into ammonium nitrogen by the action of microorganisms in the soil. At 10 ℃, the conversion time is 7-10 days, and at 20 ℃, it takes 4-5 days. In early spring, the ground temperature is generally low and the transformation time is long. It may not keep up with the critical period and maximum efficiency period of fertilizer requirements for crops, causing waste of fertilizers, and prone to late lodging and growth, which affect flowering and fruit setting.
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