Is the Nobel Prize for cancer therapy a malfunction? One of the reasons my scientists found
October 10, 2018 Source: Science and Technology Daily Author: Yong Li Zeng Li
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Malignant tumor PD-1/PD-L1 antibody immunotherapy has just won this year's Nobel Prize, but antibody immunotherapy is not effective in the treatment of some cancer patients, and now one of the reasons is found. On the 9th, the reporter learned from the Army Military Research Institute of Xinqiao Hospital of the Army Military Medical University that the team of professor Zhu Bo, through the series of clinical studies, found a class of "red-sex" red precursors in the blood of cancer patients. Cells (EPC cells).
Professor Zhu Bo introduced that in recent years, tumor immunotherapy represented by PD-1/PD-L1 antibody has made a major breakthrough and has become one of the important means of clinical cancer treatment. However, in actual clinical practice, the effective rate of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody in treating tumors is only about 20% to 30%. The reason is that, on the one hand, tumor cells can be constantly evolved to evade immune recognition; on the other hand, tumor patients can produce a variety of cells with immunosuppressive effects.
In addition, are there other immunosuppressive cells in tumor patients? In this regard, Professor Zhu Bo's research team cooperated with Professor Ye Lilin of the Institute of Immunology of the Army Military Medical University, Professor Li Qijing of Duke University, and Professor Yu Jia of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and published a paper online in Nature Medicine. Advanced tumor-induced anemia and extramedullary erythroid precursor cell production with immunosuppressive effects.
The study found a new EPCs-derived immunosuppressive cells (CD45+CD71+TER119+, CD45+EPCs) in the peripheral blood of tumor-bearing mice, liver and peripheral blood, and tumor patients, and this group of CD45+EPCs Inhibition of CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to a decrease in antiviral/bacterial and anti-tumor immune response functions in tumor patients.
Normal EPC cells should be differentiated into normal red blood cells, but the cells discovered by Professor Zhu Bo can not only differentiate into normal cells, but also cause anemia in tumor patients, and also produce immunosuppressive effects, resulting in the patient's autoimmune cell function not functioning properly. This study found for the first time that CD45+EPCs inhibit the formation of tumor immune tolerance and decreased systemic immune function by secreting ROS to inhibit CD8+ T cell immune responses. This study provides a new idea for further understanding the mechanism of tumor immunosuppression and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer patients.
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