effect
1. Effects on sexual function Epimedium can enhance the secretory function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, adrenal cortex axis, thymus axis and other endocrine systems. Epimedium boiled liquid 1ml/100g body weight was used in female rats. After 5 days, it could increase pituitary response to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and response to luteinizing hormone; significantly increased normal anterior pituitary, ovary, and uterus of normal rats. weight. Epimedium has a provocative role, this effect is due to semen secretion into the seminal vesicle is full, stimulate the sensory nerve and indirect excitement libido. Epimedium extract has the effect of promoting the secretion of semen in dogs. Its leaves and roots have the strongest effect, followed by the fruit, and the stems are the weakest; the method of increasing the weight of the prostate, seminal vesicle, and levator ani muscles (mouse) proves to be prostitution. The extract of sheep's milk has an androgen-like effect. Its efficacy is weaker than that of Cnidium monnieri, but it is stronger than that of hippocampus and quail. Injection of its extract 20mg to 40mg is equivalent to that of 7.5μg testosterone. Epimedium processed products also significantly improve the sexual function and increase the plasma testosterone content, the role of strength and intramuscular injection of testosterone no significant difference, and significantly promote testicular tissue proliferation and secretion. Some epimedium compound preparations also have a similar effect. Epimedium can also increase the urinary 17-keto levels in rats, suggesting that it may have an adrenocortical function. After taking epimedium in patients with chronic bronchitis, the average 24-hour excretion of 17-ketosteroids in urine increased significantly, even exceeding normal levels. The 24-hour excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in urine did not improve significantly after treatment, suggesting that epimedium has a hormone-like effect.
2. Anti-aging experiments showed that epimedium flavonoids can significantly restore the function of T and B lymphocyte proliferation in male mice with D-galactose senescence and significantly increase the activity of total SOD in liver and reduce liver tissue The formation of oxidized lipids reduces the formation of lipofuscin in heart and liver tissues, but does not significantly reduce lipofuscin in the brain. The compound formula “Erxian Capsule†of Epimedium can prolong the larval stage, pupal stage, adult stage and total lifespan of silkworm; daily dose of 1.25g/kg can reduce the brain, heart and liver of mice. Lipofuscin content, blood IgG, total complement levels increased, neutrophil and peritoneal macrophages phagocytosis increased.
3. The effect on the immune system is due to the opposite effect of epimedium polysaccharide and Epimedium on Ts cells, so Epimedium has a two-way regulatory effect on the body's immune function. Experiments showed that epimedium polysaccharides can promote the production of Ts cells induced by SOI (super-immunization dose) in donor rats, enhance the inhibition of mouse antibody production, and the antibody level is significantly lower than SOI group; Epimedium to Ts The generation of cells was attenuated, and the level of receptor mouse antibodies was significantly higher than that of the SOI group. Reports have pointed out that epimedium polysaccharides can affect primary and recurrent humoral immune responses. Reports have also pointed out that epimedium polysaccharide 50 mg/kg subcutaneous injection to mice, so that the spleen antibody production increased by more than 1 times, but also significantly increased serum antibody levels. The mice were treated with epimedium 20 mg/kg every day. The weight of the spleen was significantly increased, and the antigen-activated lymphocyte proliferation was promoted. The level of antibody production in the spleen was significantly increased, and the number of hemolytic plaque formation in the spleen of mice was significantly increased. . Experiments show that. The total flavonoids can significantly promote the immune function of mice, manifested as increasing serum hemolysin levels, increasing spleen PFC numbers, promoting PHA-stimulated lymphocyte transformation and enhancing peritoneal macrophages phagocytosis. Under the given dose conditions, there was no significant effect on the size of thymus and spleen, the number of nucleated cells of the spleen, and the number of peripheral blood cells. When the dose of measurement was increased to 100 mg/kg, the effect of promoting antibody production was not obvious, which may be due to The role of total flavonoids have an optimal dose or components that interfere with immune promotion.
Experiments show that epimedium can significantly increase the phagocytosis of macrophages. Epimedium polysaccharides injected subcutaneously in mice can significantly increase the phagocytosis rate and phagocytic index of macrophages to chicken erythrocytes; subcutaneous injection of total flavonoids of Epimedium to mice can make the immune function caused by anti-lymphocyte serum low. The ability of mouse macrophages to phagocytose carbon particles returned to normal levels.
Epimedium can promote the rate of Ea rosette formation and inhibit the activity of lymphocyte ANAE (α-acetoxynaphtholase esterase). When Epimedium decoction concentration is 5mg/ml, it can increase Ea rose rate, but has no effect on Et flower rate; 50mg/ml concentration can reduce Et rose rate, both concentrations are on ANAE+ lymphocyte percentage There is a reduction effect.
Epimedium total flavonoids can lead to the recovery of antibody-forming cell function and antibody titer in "Yang-deficiency" mice; it can significantly promote the lymphocyte stimulation index of "yang-deficiency" mice and make them close to normal animals.
4. Effects on the Cardiovascular System Isolated rabbit heart perfusion experiments demonstrated that Epimedium extract and non-amino acid fraction extracted from 200% epimedium water extract showed a significant increase in coronary flow in isolated rabbit hearts. effect. 200% epimedium decoction 0.5ml to the isolated guinea pig heart perfusion, can make its average coronary flow increase 126.6%. Intravenous injection of non-amino acids extracted from Epimedium can increase coronary blood flow and significantly reduce coronary resistance, but it has no significant effect on the heart. Anesthetized rabbits injected with a non-amino acid portion of 1g/kg intravenously showed a transient decrease in left heart diastolic pressure and a transient reduction in left diastolic diastolic pressure, but this effect was weaker. The non-amino acid part of epimedium has a protective effect on acute myocardial ischemia in rats induced by pituitrin. Although experimental arrhythmias produced in guinea pigs infected with oxyphyllum knuckles and epinephrine may not be completely counteracted, it may be obvious. Shorten its duration. Epimedium total flavonoids can improve the ability of mice to bear hypoxia; slow down the heart rate of rats, and can increase the effect of isoproterenol on heart rate; increase the coronary flow of isolated rabbit hearts; and have a certain central inhibition effect. Weak anti-arrhythmic effect.
Epimedium decoction perfusion in the recumbent or isolated heart, have significantly increased myocardial contractility; the use of pentobarbital caused by artificial heart failure, can also restore myocardial tension. Epimedium decoction intravenous injection to rabbits, there is a significant increase in the role of myocardial tension, the effect can be maintained for several hours.
Animal experiments show that: Epimedium decoction and decoction of ethanol extract intravenously in cats, rabbits and rats, all have antihypertensive effect. Among them, the most obvious effect on rabbits. Epimedium methanol extract 10g/kg fed to kidney-type hypertensive rats, significantly lower blood pressure, blood pressure rebound after discontinuation. Two Immortals Mixture (Leaf Epimedium, Curculigo, Morinda, Phellodendron, Anemarrhena, Angelica) 6g/kg intraperitoneal injection to dogs, blood pressure immediately decreased, cardiac index decreased, peripheral vascular dilatation is not obvious. At the same dose of cat duodenal administration, blood pressure began to drop after 30 minutes, and after 2 hours it decreased by an average of 30% of the original level. It has been reported that epimedium can block the pressure reflex caused by bilateral common carotid arteries in rabbits, but it can not block the effect of norepinephrine pressure increase. After atropine injection in cats, the product still has antihypertensive effect, its intensity has no obvious weakening, but it can obviously inhibit the catastrophic galial node femoral nystagmus-induced nicartine contraction response, but there is no obvious inhibition on post-ganglionic fiber response to electrical stimulation. effect. Therefore, it is believed that the antihypertensive effect of Epimedium has nothing to do with the adrenergic α-receptor and M-choline system, which is mainly related to the blockade of sympathetic ganglia. However, there are also reports that epimedium has an antagonistic effect on endogenous catecholamines and has an excitatory effect on β-receptors.
5. Antitussive, expectorant and anti-asthmatic effects were confirmed by the phenol red excretion method in mice. The crude extracts of the fresh products of Epimedium and the ethyl acetate extracts of the dried products had a certain expectorant effect. The use of mouse cough sulphur dioxide method proved that methanol and ethyl acetate extracts have antitussive effect; methanol extract can also inhibit the stimulation of cough caused by the cats laryngeal nerve. Tips for antitussive is central. Methanol extracts have protective effects on drug-induced asthma.
6. Anti-inflammatory and anti-pathogenic microorganisms Epimedium methanol extract 50mg/kg Subcutaneous injection to rats, can significantly reduce the degree of egg white sexual foot swelling; 15g/kg rabbit gavage, histamine-induced capillary permeability Increased sex has a reduced effect.
Epimedium has a significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus. It has mild inhibitory effect on Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. 1% concentration has antibacterial effect on human Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Epimedium decoction has a significant inhibitory effect on poliovirus in vitro. It shows inactivation within one hour after exposure to drugs and viruses, and it also inhibits other enteroviruses.
7. Effects on blood system Epimedium decoction, Epimedium polysaccharide, Epimedium crude flavonoids can promote platelet aggregation induced by agglutinating agents in normal rats. The strongest effect is Epimedium Polysaccharide, Epimedium Second, epimedium flavonoids are the weakest. However, the functional epicarpium decoction without the induction of platelet aggregation in the three groups can significantly reduce the platelet aggregation rate induced by ADP in healthy individuals, and the inhibition rate is related to the dose, which can promote platelet depolymerization in some subjects and reduce the blood viscosity of healthy individuals. Accelerate blood circulation. There are also reports that Epimedium has the effect of improving blood flow and blood rheology, and can increase leukocyte production.
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