Mushrooms Mosquitoes and flies are important pests in the production of edible fungi, and occur frequently in the production of main mushroom species such as Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Agrocybe, Pleurotus ostreatus and so on. Generally, the yield loss is 15% to 30%. Production.
Mushrooms and mosquitoes contain multiple species. The production of edible fungi in this city is mainly scorpion mosquitoes, feces mosquitoes, cockroach mosquitoes, and flies. Mushroom Mosquitoes are mainly mycelium and fruiting bodies of larvae that injure the edible fungi. They often crawl between the hyphae and bite the hyphae, making the culture materials black, loose, and sink, and the mycelium turns from white to yellow-brown. Mushroom difficult. After fruiting, the larvae feed on the base of the mushroom stalk and gradually feed it to the inside of the mushroom body. The primordial and young mushroom suffer the most. The damaged mushroom becomes brown after being browned, and the wound caused by the larvae is susceptible to germs. Infected and rot. Mushrooms Mosquito adults do not directly feed on edible fungus, but often carry pathogens, nematodes and worms into and out of mushroom houses, resulting in indirect damage. Mushrooms, mosquitoes, and flies are miscellaneous, like humus, and often live in unclean places such as garbage, waste, dead mushrooms, and old roots. The eggs, larvae and cockroaches of mushroom flies mainly enter the bed of bacteria with culture materials or soil, and adults fly directly into the mushroom house to breed eggs.
Mushrooms and mosquitoes are larvae, which are harmed by larvae, and are small in size, hidden in danger, strong in their ability to adapt to life, and have a fast reproduction rate. Once a mushroom is produced, it is difficult to completely control it once it has been damaged. In particular, it is used in the production of mushroom, tea mushroom, and other mushroom bags. Prevention and control are often difficult to apply, coupled with the limited use of pesticides registered on edible fungi in the country, resulting in unsatisfactory control results. Many tests have shown that some insecticides have different degrees of inhibition on the growth of mycelium and fruit bodies of edible fungi. In addition, due to the short growth cycle of fruiting body of edible fungi, if the safety interval is not strictly followed and used, chemical control is easy. Excessive pesticide residues cause food safety risks.
Therefore, according to the characteristics of mushrooms and flies, we must focus on prevention, prevention and treatment, and adopt integrated prevention and treatment measures based on physical control.
1. Do a good job in the sanitation of the cultivation site and surrounding areas and eliminate the source of insects: remove the waste in time, harvest the mushroom roots, rotten mushrooms, etc., and forbid storing them around the mushroom house, and make waste after stacking; after production or before the start of production Smoking agents such as dichlorvos are used to exterminate insecticides in greenhouses or insecticides to reduce insects and ensure the safety of the production environment.
2. Physical barrier to prevent adults from flying into the mushroom house: Insect nets with 40 mesh or more are installed at the entrance of the mushroom house, windows, and vents, and the adults of the mosquitoes and flies are blocked outside the mushroom house to avoid occurrence and damage.
3. Physical trapping, monitoring, and killing adult adults entering the mushroom house: Using the phototaxis of adult insects of the mosquitoes and flies, mushroom insects and insect traps are mounted inside the mushroom house to hang yellow plates to monitor and kill adult insects.
4. Priority should be given to the use of biological agents for prevention and control. Strict implementation of safety intervals: mushroom bed and mushroom bags should be used. High-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residue pollution-free drugs must be used. Drugs should be taken after the mushroom body is harvested so as not to cause phytotoxicity or excessive residue. After the medication, it is necessary to properly control the timing of fruiting and mushrooming, and strictly implement pesticide safety intervals so as to avoid excessive pesticide residues in fruit bodies. Biological agents can be selected from 0.1% rattan extract, or 5% natural pyrethrin, or Bti (B. thuringiensis strains) variants.
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