August was the second flower bud differentiation period of apple trees and the fruit enlargement period of mid-late maturing varieties. During this time, photosynthesis was strong and the photosynthetic accumulation accelerated accordingly. In addition to the rapid growth of Wangchang new shoots, most new shoots gradually stopped growing from slow growth. The absorption of roots occurs in large numbers, and the absorption and utilization of water nutrients is correspondingly accelerated. The main points of apple tree management in this period are:
1, pruning
In early August, the pruning branches of the saplings were cut short, and secondary secondary shoots were promoted. Flower buds could be formed in the same year to achieve the purpose of multiple flowering and early high-yield production. It also had significant effects on branch culture and crown control. It is advisable to leave 3-5 leaves at the base of the spring tip. In early August, large trees with excessive auxiliary branches may be evacuated. Large branches, standing branches, and excessive branches will also need to be sparsely cut in order to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the trees and improve the quality of flower buds. At the beginning of August, we took branches and opened angles on the growing branches of one year, injuring the xylem branches of the new shoots, causing the damaged and sagging branches of the shoots to be horizontal, so as to inhibit the growth of the apical shoots, promote the sprouting of secondary shoots, and increase the amount of young shoots. In late August, the branches are opened and the branches are softer. After the angle is opened, the branches are not easy to be stripped. It is a good time for branches and large auxiliary branches to open branches. The young trees must adhere to the annual branches before they form. Do not pull a branch and bend it.
2, soil fertilizer management
Combine sprayed leaf spray with 0.3% urea + 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to promote new shoot maturation and improve cold resistance. Spraying once a day after 10 days can increase the coloration of the fruit and increase the sugar content. In the garden with bitter pit disease, in the beginning of August, 0.5-1% calcium chloride was continuously sprayed for 2-3 times, mainly spraying fruit, which increased the firmness of the flesh and improved the storage capacity. The autumn shoots cease to grow in mid-August, and the topdressing of compound fertilizer can prevent premature leaf aging, promote tree nutrient accumulation, and restore tree vigor, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation and fruit enlargement, and is conducive to raising the rate of fruit set and adding new ones in the following year. Shoot growth. Watering with topdressing has a good effect on increasing yield, enhancing coloration, and improving quality. After watering or raining, timely cultivating and weeding, young plants can be deeply ploughed to a depth of about 20-30 cm to thoroughly remove weeds and promote root growth.
3, fruit management
The bagging fruit of the medium-maturing varieties was bagged from the middle and late August. Double bags should go outside the bag first, 3-5 days before going to the inner bag; single bag first tear the paper bag longitudinally, residual bags left on the fruit, 3-5 days later removed. Be careful to choose to go to the bag during the day when the temperature difference between inside and outside the bag is small. After the bag is removed, the leaves, fruit, and reflective film are treated to promote the overall coloring of the fruit. The varieties of the Marshals, which are susceptible to fruit drop before harvest, were sprayed with naphthalene acetic acid 30-40 mg/kg one month before the end of August and at the end of August, respectively, to prevent pre-harvest fruit drop.
4. Pest control
Continuing to check for rot disease, alternate use of Bordeaux mixture 1:2-3:200, 50% Propionine WP 1000-1500, and 50% Mancozeb WP 500 times to prevent anthrax, Diseases such as rotenia, spotted defoliation, etc., found that the disease was removed in time. 25% Diflubenzuron No. 3 2000 times liquid was used to control Lepidoptera insect pests such as Phalaenopsis minutus, Phylodactylum minutus, etc. In the end of August, the trunk was tied with grass, trapping red spiders and other pests overwintering, and the solution was burned before thawing the following year to reduce the population density. When fruit bags are inspected and there are whitefly larvae on the fruit, 52.25% of the farmland should be sprayed with 1500-2000 times liquid to control its damage.
1, pruning
In early August, the pruning branches of the saplings were cut short, and secondary secondary shoots were promoted. Flower buds could be formed in the same year to achieve the purpose of multiple flowering and early high-yield production. It also had significant effects on branch culture and crown control. It is advisable to leave 3-5 leaves at the base of the spring tip. In early August, large trees with excessive auxiliary branches may be evacuated. Large branches, standing branches, and excessive branches will also need to be sparsely cut in order to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the trees and improve the quality of flower buds. At the beginning of August, we took branches and opened angles on the growing branches of one year, injuring the xylem branches of the new shoots, causing the damaged and sagging branches of the shoots to be horizontal, so as to inhibit the growth of the apical shoots, promote the sprouting of secondary shoots, and increase the amount of young shoots. In late August, the branches are opened and the branches are softer. After the angle is opened, the branches are not easy to be stripped. It is a good time for branches and large auxiliary branches to open branches. The young trees must adhere to the annual branches before they form. Do not pull a branch and bend it.
2, soil fertilizer management
Combine sprayed leaf spray with 0.3% urea + 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to promote new shoot maturation and improve cold resistance. Spraying once a day after 10 days can increase the coloration of the fruit and increase the sugar content. In the garden with bitter pit disease, in the beginning of August, 0.5-1% calcium chloride was continuously sprayed for 2-3 times, mainly spraying fruit, which increased the firmness of the flesh and improved the storage capacity. The autumn shoots cease to grow in mid-August, and the topdressing of compound fertilizer can prevent premature leaf aging, promote tree nutrient accumulation, and restore tree vigor, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation and fruit enlargement, and is conducive to raising the rate of fruit set and adding new ones in the following year. Shoot growth. Watering with topdressing has a good effect on increasing yield, enhancing coloration, and improving quality. After watering or raining, timely cultivating and weeding, young plants can be deeply ploughed to a depth of about 20-30 cm to thoroughly remove weeds and promote root growth.
3, fruit management
The bagging fruit of the medium-maturing varieties was bagged from the middle and late August. Double bags should go outside the bag first, 3-5 days before going to the inner bag; single bag first tear the paper bag longitudinally, residual bags left on the fruit, 3-5 days later removed. Be careful to choose to go to the bag during the day when the temperature difference between inside and outside the bag is small. After the bag is removed, the leaves, fruit, and reflective film are treated to promote the overall coloring of the fruit. The varieties of the Marshals, which are susceptible to fruit drop before harvest, were sprayed with naphthalene acetic acid 30-40 mg/kg one month before the end of August and at the end of August, respectively, to prevent pre-harvest fruit drop.
4. Pest control
Continuing to check for rot disease, alternate use of Bordeaux mixture 1:2-3:200, 50% Propionine WP 1000-1500, and 50% Mancozeb WP 500 times to prevent anthrax, Diseases such as rotenia, spotted defoliation, etc., found that the disease was removed in time. 25% Diflubenzuron No. 3 2000 times liquid was used to control Lepidoptera insect pests such as Phalaenopsis minutus, Phylodactylum minutus, etc. In the end of August, the trunk was tied with grass, trapping red spiders and other pests overwintering, and the solution was burned before thawing the following year to reduce the population density. When fruit bags are inspected and there are whitefly larvae on the fruit, 52.25% of the farmland should be sprayed with 1500-2000 times liquid to control its damage.
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