The weather is getting warmer, the temperature is rising, the flow of fruit tree sap is accelerated, and the rot disease will expand and accelerate. Powdery mildew and rust are easy to appear, and a large number of wintering pests are also emerging. In particular, the nutrients consumed by the fruit trees during the flowering period are mainly the use of the previous reserves of the tree. In order to reduce the consumption, the fruit farmers should carry out detailed flowering and pre-flowering.
Pre-flowering
Spend less flowers and flowers
There is a lot of work in the pre-flowering. First of all, smear. Wiping, that is, erasing the back, cutting the slash, etc. does not require sprouting at the branches, reducing the inefficient consumption of nutrients in the tree. After the flower buds sprout, the fruit growers are able to identify the flower buds as appropriate, timely remove the excess weak fruit branches on the tree, shrink the slender string of flower branches, break some of the long and long fruit branch flower buds, and maintain the ratio of flower bud to leaf bud 1:4-5 The appropriate ratio. For the branches that have symptoms such as lobular leaves after freezing and germination this winter, they must be retracted.
For trees with a small amount of flowers, for the branches that are in the dominant position of production, the fruit farmers should lightly cut a small part of the front end that has sprouted. For varieties with high germination power and low branching ability, in order to promote long branches and cultivate the result branches, the fruit farmers should be appropriately short-cut and inhibit the top.
In addition, fruit farmers should also spend time in the flower. According to 15 cm, a strong inflorescence was selected to leave the buds. The inflorescence was separated from the inflorescence and then the central flower and 1 or 2 well-developed lateral flowers were preserved, and the excess lateral flowers and the inflorescences were all removed.
Flowering management
Watering white bee
In response to climate change, fruit farmers can take measures such as early tree tray irrigation, whitening of trunks, 1% lime water sprayed on the crown, and organic matter covered by tree trays to delay the flowering period of the fruit trees and avoid the night cream. If you want to prevent late frost. According to the local weather forecast, fruit farmers should pile up leaves, firewood, wheat bran, etc. around the orchard around 12 o'clock in the evening of the cooling, and smoke the smoke to prevent freezing.
It is predicted that when frost occurs, the fruit farmers should suspend the flowering order, spray the Peptide and add the peptide protein solution at intervals of 7-10 days, and even spray twice, which can significantly reduce the freezing damage and increase the fruit setting rate.
During the flowering period, the release of the beak wall bee, the hornbeam bee, the bee, etc., using insect pollination and insemination, this practice is worth promoting. Before the flowering, a box of bees can be placed in each acre orchard. For example, the frontal wall bee has good cold tolerance, the activity temperature is lower than that of the bee, and the pollination ability is strong. The number of daily visits per bee can reach 4,000 or more, and the amount of bee per acre can be about 300. Of course, fruit farmers can also take artificial pollination.
In addition, during the flowering period, the fruit growers can also spray 1-2 times of 0.3% borax solution as needed, which is good for improving fruit setting. After the flowering period is slightly frozen, the sputum sputum, Tianda 2116, and Bishou are sprayed in time; the circumcision of the individual wangshu, Wangzhi and the initial flowering period can also increase the fruit setting rate.
Pest control
Saada net fishing focus
The diseases that apples need to control mainly include mildew, powdery mildew, rust, brown spot, anthracnose, ring disease, and spotted leaf disease; the main pests are leaf roller moth, leaf miner, aphid, leafhopper, and pear star caterpillar.
Fruit farmers can kill pests such as chafers by hanging light traps or sweet and sour liquid. The pest sex pheromone trapping device and the trap board should be inspected in time, and the vulnerable materials should be replaced if necessary. When there are fewer chafers in the flowering period, it can also be manually captured.
To prevent disease, fruit farmers should cure rot plaques in a timely manner, apply ulcers and rots to the rotten parts, promote healing of decay sites, and promote nutrient transport. After falling flowers, the whole garden can spray 2% Ningnanmycin 600 times + 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin 1000 times or 70% imidacloprid 4000 times + polypeptide protein solution 400 times to prevent powdery mildew, mildew disease, rust , brown spot disease, anthracnose disease, ring disease, spotted leaf disease, etc. and leaf roller moth, leaf miner, aphid and the like.
Grass or tree cover between orchard rows is also a good choice. The fruit growers can plant green manure in the shallow ditch between the rows of trees, and the red clover in the dry land is better (the cold resistance is stronger). The irrigated land is mainly white clover, American ryegrass, and sage, and it is best to mix the clover with the gramineous green manure. Kind. At the same time, the tree tray covers straw organic matter or black non-woven fabric.
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