On January 1, 2018, China's gene sequencing industry leader Huada Gene was held in San Francisco, USA, the 36th J. P. At the Morgan Health Conference, the company's two major programs, the 2020 Program and the Life Cycle Program, were released.
The “2020 Plan†means that by 2020, Huada Gene is expected to complete all of a human genome-wide sample preparation, sequencing and data analysis within 24 hours, and the price will be controlled within $300. This means that in the future, the price of individual whole genome sequencing will fall to half of the current lowest price. Currently, the minimum cost for personal whole-genome sequencing is $600, which was created and maintained by BGI in 2016. The following is an analysis of the industrial chain of the gene sequencing industry, which has recently become a hot spot.
1. The layout of China's genetic sequencing industry chain is relatively complete, but high-value fields are monopolized by foreign capital.
The industrial chain of the gene sequencing industry is mainly composed of upstream gene sequencing equipment manufacturers, consumable reagent suppliers, midstream gene sequencing services and bioinformatics analysis institutions, and downstream hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, and scientific research institutions. It is worth noting that there are two points. Upstream Zixin Pharmaceutical cooperates with the Institute of Genomics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to engage in independent research and development of genetic sequencing equipment. Midstream bioinformatics analysis (data analysis) is a major difficulty in the gene sequencing industry, and it is also a business with great development prospects. The company has cooperated with Huada Gene for many years and accumulated experience in analyzing certain gene sequencing data. It is one of the few companies in China that can provide biological data cloud computing services.
Chart 1: Schematic diagram of the industrial chain of China's gene sequencing industry
Source: Prospective Industry Research Institute
Due to the high technical threshold of becoming the upstream gene sequencing equipment manufacturer and the supplier of consumable reagents, at present, the upstream of the genetic sequencing industry chain in China is basically monopolized by foreign-funded enterprises. Therefore, the upstream gene sequencing equipment manufacturing and consumable supply links are all sequenced in the whole gene. The value distribution of the industry chain is high.
The sequencing technology has a low threshold, and only needs to purchase sequencing instruments and reagents to provide downstream sequencing services. Therefore, the value of the sequencing service chain in the entire industry chain of the gene sequencing industry is low. With the development of sequencing technology, the difficulty and cost of sequencing will continue to decrease, and data analysis will become the biggest bottleneck restricting industrial development. Bioinformatics analysis is currently recognized as the most revealing potential and profitability in the industry, but it is still in its infancy in this country.
Second, the upstream gene sequencing equipment market illumina is a big one, the future domestic third-generation sequencing equipment is expected to break the situation
At the heart of the gene sequencing equipment is gene sequencing technology, and next-generation gene sequencing (NGS) technology is the most stable and widely used gene sequencing technology available today. At present, due to the high-tech threshold, the market for sequencing equipment developed using NGS technology is monopolized by several leading foreign companies. Illumina, as the world's largest manufacturer of gene sequencing equipment, accounts for 71% of the global market. The sequencing equipment produced in China is basically using foreign technology for OEM production, such as NextSeqCN500 produced by Berry and Kang and Illumina, DA8600 produced by Daan Gene and LifeTech, etc.; January 2018, illumina and Jinyu Medicine Jointly announced that the two sides will use illumina's NGS technology to jointly develop tumor and genetic disease detection systems.
It is worth noting that in July 2017, GenoCare, the third-generation genetic sequencer independently developed by Bohai Gene, was officially put into production. The first order reached 700 serializers, and it is expected to break the monopoly of foreign capital in the future.
Figure 2: Global genetic sequencing equipment competition pattern (unit: %)
Source: Prospective Industry Research Institute
For the future development of the upstream sequencing equipment market, the forward-looking is expected to have the following characteristics:
Figure 3: Prediction of development characteristics of the gene sequencing equipment market
Source: Prospective Industry Research Institute
Third, the midstream gene sequencing service has a large global market capacity
According to illumina's estimates, the global market for gene sequencing services currently has a capacity of $20 billion, including $12 billion in oncology and $5 billion in life sciences (including life science tools, complex diseases, agricultural genes and impact factors, metagenomics), and fertility. And genetic health of $ 2 billion (detection of pregnant women and newborn children, genetic health), and other applications of $ 1 billion. At this stage, domestic sequencing services mainly focus on four aspects: prenatal diagnosis, genetic diagnosis, preimplantation embryo diagnosis, and tumor gene sequencing.
Figure 4: Global Gene Sequencing Service Market Capacity and Distribution (Unit: US$100 million, %)
Source: Prospective Industry Research Institute
Fourth, the gene sequencing service in the global competition pattern, the United States first, China second
At present, there are thousands of companies around the world providing sequencing services. The number of sequencers in the United States is 5,492, ranking first; while China is ranked second, with 259 sequencers, of which Huada has nearly two-thirds of sequencers. It is the largest unit of genetic sequencers in the country.
Figure 5: Competitive landscape of global gene sequencing services
Source: Prospective Industry Research Institute
5. Domestic sequencing service organizations gradually extend to the upstream of the industrial chain.
In recent years, Chinese institutions such as Huada Gene have gradually become a new force in the international genetic testing medical service industry. Compared with foreign sequencing organizations, Chinese institutions have certain cost advantages, and the price of sequencing services is relatively low, but China's genetic testing industry However, there is no complete pricing power. Due to the key technologies of gene sequencing, commonly known as “quasi-, multi-, long, fast, and flatâ€, it is still in the hands of European and American gene sequencing equipment and consumable reagent manufacturers represented by illumina. China's sequencing service agencies are restricted everywhere.
According to reports, illumina's Hiseq500 sequencing system is priced at $250,000/set in China, and the HiseqXTen sequencing system is $1 million/set, almost twice the price of its US home sales. These manufacturers have mastered the technology of gene sequencing, and have the core technology of R&D and manufacturing of sequencing equipment. If Chinese enterprises can not make up for the shortcomings of the core technology of instruments and equipment, they will be suppressed by foreign manufacturers and be in a passive situation.
Now, China's sequencing service organizations have also taken the step of extending to the upstream of the industrial chain. The development mode of domestically produced sequencers mainly consists of independent research and development and cooperation with Europe and the United States. Refer to CFDA data, BGISEQ-100, BGISEQ-1000 and BGISEQ-500 of BGI, DA8600 of Daan gene, HYK-PSTAR-IIA of Huainkang, BioelectronSeq4000 of Boao Bio, NextSeqCN500 of Berry and Kang and NextSeq550AR The production is the efforts of Chinese enterprises in order to extend to the upstream of the industrial chain.
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