Recently, Wang Dejun, vegetable farmer of Laowangjia Village, Yuhuangmiao Town, Shanghe County, Shandong Province, reported that he had planted garlic for many years and that after harvesting garlic sprouts, a large area of ​​dead trees occurred. At the beginning, the bottom leaves were yellowed, and they died after a few days, and they were cut off after gently pulling, which seriously affected the yield of garlic.
To find out why garlic was dead in the middle and late stages of growth, we came to Wang Dejun's garlic plot to examine the growth of garlic in detail. After learning that Wang Dejun has planted garlic for more than a decade in this area, fertilizer is mainly used for fertilization, and topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer is more. When garlic turns green, it mostly spreads urea in the ground and floods it. Garlic growth was fairly normal years ago. Occasionally, there was a little yellow leaf tip. However, after turning green, especially after following the fertilizer, the garlic sprouted yellow and the tip of the yellow leaf rapidly increased. After the harvest, the dead tree phenomenon began to spread.
Analysis of the reasons for the death of garlic after harvesting are mainly the following: First, the use of fertilizer is unreasonable, one-time use of excessive chemical fertilizers, insufficient organic fertilizer, high soil salinity, and microbial imbalance; second, continuous cropping, not deep farming Turn over, soil compaction, soil-borne diseases are heavy, and the soil buffer capacity is weak. Third, excessive use of chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers is not fully decomposed during the application of base fertilizers, resulting in burning of roots; fourth, poor performance of fertilizers is responsible for damage, and normal performance before returning green. After returning green, the temperature increased, farmers began to top-dressing, resulting in garlic root injury after flushing with inferior fertilizers, which caused yellowing of garlic sprouts quickly and aggravated dry tips. Fifth, the supply of nutrients in the re-mothering period was insufficient, the soil was too wet, and winter freeze injury occurred. After the year, the spring cold will also cause dead garlic trees. Sixthly, garlic, dead and other underground pests, leaf stem diseases and excessive use of herbicides and improper water management will also cause dead trees of garlic.
To solve the problem of garlic dead trees, comprehensive consideration should be given to prevent it in advance, especially when it comes to topdressing garlic. Garlic requires fertilizer is a regular, in general, 2/3 of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer for the base application, 1/3 for topdressing; phosphate fertilizer is all basis; potassium fertilizer for the base application of 3/4, 1/ 4 for topdressing. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the application of trace elements in fertilizers, and appropriate application of sulfur-containing fertilizers. Generally, the application of 6 kg of sulfur-containing fertilizers per acre is better; for the application of trace elements, such as zinc sulfate, 1-2 kg per acre, borax About 1 kilogram per acre can prevent the deficiency of the disease.
When topdressing garlic, biological fertilizers should be appropriately increased to reduce the amount of single-fertilizer, and it can be done in small quantities several times. It is recommended to spray 4 kg of Speenan fish protein per acre + 5 kg of high nitrogen and potassium fertilizer; in combination with foliar control of pests and diseases, spray 500 times of Plutonic fish protein + when spraying fungicide or insecticide. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 800 times, can reduce the dry tip, prevent premature aging of the leaves, improve the disease resistance of garlic in the late stage, reduce dead trees.
For dead trees caused by underground insect pests, it is recommended that phoxim or abamectin be irrigated, and use of highly toxic pesticides is prohibited.
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